PRECISION OF A QUANTUM CHARGE PUMP NEAR THE ADIABATIC REGIME

The precision of a quantum charge pump is studied through an exact sol ution of a time-dependent Schrodinger equation, and the noninteracting Anderson impurity model. An approximate solution to the interacting A nderson model in the strong Coulomb blockade limit is also presented. Near the adiabatic regime, the precision is rigorously found to depend exponentially on the operating frequency of the charge pump. The semi classical rate equation is rederived when the temperature is higher th an the energy quantum of the pumping frequency. Nonadiabatic heating t o the leads is also discussed.