During surgical exploration of the reproductive tract of a 15-year-old
female white rhinoceros, anesthesia was maintained by administration
of isoflurane in oxygen. Anesthesia was induced with IM administration
of etorphine, and, to facilitate endotracheal intubation, muscle rela
xation was achieved by IV administration of additional etorphine, acep
romazine maleate, guaifenesin, and thiamylal sodium. Minor complicatio
ns encountered during the anesthetic monitoring period included hypove
ntilation and ventilation/perfusion inequality, which contributed to h
yperemia. Recovery was not evaluated because the rhinoceros was euthan
atized at the end of the surgical procedure.