Piping queens of Apis cerana and A koschevnikovi were recorded in Saba
h, Malaysia. The tooting calls of the 2 species were similar and consi
sted of a single continuous call lasting 2-5 s. In contrast, A mellife
ra queens give a 1-2 s tone followed by several shorter tones. Quackin
g by an A koschevnikovi queen in a queen cell was very similar to the
quacking reported for A mellifera except the tempo was more rapid (4.3
9 quacks/s vs 3.0 quacks/s).