NEUROLOGIC DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH HIV-1 INFECTION

About 40% of patients with AIDS or symptomatic HIV infection will deve lop a neurological syndrome, and 10% of all patients with AIDS will in itially present with nervous system complaints. About half of the neur ological manifestations are due to the effects of HIV-1 on the nervous system and half result as opportunistic or secondary complications of the immune deficiency induced by HIV-1. The pathogenetic mechanisms o f the HIV-1-related neurological disorders are becoming defined and ne w treatments directed at these mechanisms are being introduced. The pr ognosis for the central nervous system disorders has improved with ear lier, more precise diagnosis, and more effective treatment and prophyl axis.