A balanced approach for treating radiative entropy and energy, known a
s equal thermodynamic protocol, is applied to the analysis of radiativ
e equilibrium. Radiative equilibrium, in this balanced context, is see
n as either of two possible states: entropy or energy equilibrium. It
is shown that these two states have a fundamental relationship to each
other which leads to strong parallels to the relationships between en
ergy and entropy in equilibrium thermodynamics. Copyright (C) 1997 Els
evier Science Ltd.