COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS IN 48 CATS - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY (1984-1993)

Coccidioidomycosis was diagnosed in 48 cats, Forty-one cases were iden tified within a period of 3 years, Coccidioides immitis was revealed b y cytological or histopathological examinations, or culture in 70% of cats. The remaining 30% of cases were diagnosed by appropriate clinica l signs, radiographic lesions, and serological test results. The avera ge age of affected cats was 6.2 years with a median age of 5.0 years. Fifty-four percent (n = 26) were female and 46% (n = 22) were male, Do mestic shorthaired and longhaired breeds comprised 89% (n = 41) of aff ected cats, Sixty-seven percent of cases were diagnosed during the 6-m onth period of December through May. Cats infected with C immitis were presented for evaluation of dermatologic (56%), respiratory (25%), mu sculoskeletal (19%), and neurological or ophthalmologic signs (19%). F ever, inappetence, and weight loss were present in 44% of the cats. Du ration of clinical signs before diagnosis was less than 4 weeks in 85% (n = 42) of cats, with an average of 3.8 weeks and a median of 2 week s, Agar gel immunodiffusion tests were positive in all 39 cats tested at sometime during the course of their disease. Hyperproteinemia (grea ter than 7.9 g/dL) was present in 52% (10/23) of cases, The majority o f cats (n = 39) were negative for feline leukemia virus, Antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus were absent in the 19 cats tested. Keto conazole was the most common antifungal agent used to treat cats with coccidioidomycosis. Duration of treatment ranged from less than 1 week to 43 months, Thirty-two cats are currently asymptomatic, with or wit hout treatment. Eleven cats died or were euthanized. Five cats were lo st to follow-up. Ketoconazole likely is more suppressive than curative because relapses were common after discontinuing therapy.