Ecologists have not been able to show unambiguous evidence for the inv
olvement of plant-to-plant signal transfer in the defence strategies o
f plants. However, phytopathologists and plant physiologists recently
demonstrated that resistance in undamaged plants can be elicited by vo
latiles of plant origin. Now that empirical evidence is accumulating,
there is every reason to ask why plants use the available information
on the infestation status of their neighbours and to assess the fitnes
s advantages associated with the tuning of their defence. The debate o
n the ecological and evolutionary significance of interplant communica
tion needs to be revived.