Ds. Sandock et al., ADRENAL METASTASES FROM RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA - ROLE OF IPSILATERAL ADRENALECTOMY AND DEFINITION OF STAGE, Urology, 49(1), 1997, pp. 28-31
Objectives. We undertook this study to establish criteria for adrenale
ctomy in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Methods. We retrospective
ly reviewed the records of 162 patients undergoing radical nephrectomy
from 1979 to 1993 at University Hospitals of Cleveland. Simultaneous
ipsilateral adrenalectomy was performed in 57 patients (35%). Results.
Three of these 57 patients (5.3%) had ipsilateral adrenal metastases.
All 3 patients had large, left-sided, upper-pole tumors that extended
through the renal capsule (Stage T3a). All 3 patients with adrenal me
tastases had progression to disseminated disease, with an average time
to progression of 7.2 months, whereas only 13 (24%) of the 54 patient
s without adrenal metastases developed metastatic disease (none to adr
enal), with an average time to progression of 27.6 months. No patient
with organ-confined disease (Stage T1 or T2) or extracapsular disease
in the midkidney or lower pole had adrenal metastases identified histo
logically. Conclusions. The prognosis is poor for renal cell carcinoma
with ipsilateral adrenal involvement, even with complete removal. Bec
ause of this poor prognosis, we believe that adrenal involvement shoul
d constitute a separate stage category. We propose that patients with
ipsilateral adrenal metastases via direct extension should be classifi
ed as having pathologic Stage pT3d. If the patient has an ipsilateral
adrenal metastasis not via direct extension, contralateral adrenal met
astasis, or bilateral adrenal metastases, the pathologic stage should
be M1. Ipsilateral adrenalectomy should only be performed if a lesion
is seen preoperatively on computed tomographic scan or if gross diseas
e is seen at the time of nephrectomy although its removal may not bene
fit the patient. Copyright 1997 by Elsevier Science Inc.