GENISTEIN, A DIETARY INGESTED ISOFLAVONOID, INHIBITS CELL-PROLIFERATION AND IN-VITRO ANGIOGENESIS

Consumption of a plant-based diet can prevent the development and prog ression of chronic diseases that are associated with extensive neovasc ularization. To determine whether prevention might be associated with dietary derived angiogenesis inhibitors, we have fractionated urine of healthy human subjects consuming a plant-based diet and examined the fractions for their abilities to inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. One of the most potent fractions contained several isoflavonoids, which we identified by gas chromatography-mass spectro metry and subsequently synthesized. Of all synthetic compounds, the is oflavonoid genistein was the most potent and inhibited endothelial cel l proliferation and in vitro angiogenesis at half maximal concentratio ns of 5 and 150 mu mol/L, respectively. Moreover, genistein inhibited the proliferation of various tumor cells. Genistein excretion in urine of subjects consuming a plant-based diet is in the micromolar range, which is 30-fold higher than that of subjects consuming a traditional Western diet. The high concentrations of genistein in urine of vegetar ians and our present results suggest that genistein may contribute to the preventive effect of plant-based diet on chronic diseases, includi ng solid tumors, by inhibiting neovascularization and tumor cell proli feration. Thus genistein may have important applications in the treatm ent of solid tumors and angiogenic diseases.