Macrophages (M phi s) undergo a physiological response known as the ma
crophage disappearance reaction (MDR) in response to certain stimuli i
n the peritoneal compartment. The types of stimuli that can cause the
MDR, the relationship of the MDR to the host immunological response, a
nd the possible role of the MDR in M phi activation are reviewed. The
data indicate that the MDR occurs in response to both acute nonspecifi
c inflammatory and specific immune delayed hypersensitivity processes
and that the MDR may play an important role in M phi activation.