Ap. Desilva et al., FLUORESCENT PET(PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER) SENSORS FOR CALCIUM-IONS - EXTENSION TO MULTIPLE FLUOROPHORES AND VIRTUAL SPACERS, Chemistry Letters, (2), 1995, pp. 125-126
New bifluorophoric sensors QCa3 and QCa4 show larger Ca2+-induced fluo
rescence enhancements and (for QCa4 only) lower Ca2+ binding constants
than their monofluorophoric counterparts due to statistics and remote
steric effects respectively. The PET sensor principle is extended to
twisted biaryl systems which can give rise to twisted internal charge
transfer (TICT) excited states by the re-examination of Tsien's rhod-2
.