This article explores the evolution of government. Facilitated by adva
nces in telecommunications and information technology, governments of
the future may become specialized by function. One type of government
will be non-spatial in essence and will be populated by people who sha
re a strong affinity with each other, but not necessarily common spati
al boundaries. A second type of government will necessarily be spatial
and will be responsible for infrastructure. Another two types of gove
rnments will have enforcement and coordination responsibilities, respe
ctively. A theory of government based on interpersonal transactions of
obligations and a brief historical review of the evolution of governm
ent provide the foundation for these prognostications. The article con
cludes with a discussion about how different types of government funct
ions (eg education, healthcare, defence, police protection) could be p
erformed by this four-part government structure. The ideas presented h
ere could be used to help reduce violent conflicts around the world am
ong peoples who, it is believed, cannot coexist with each other within
arbitrarily drawn spatial boundaries.