Documentation of an individual trainee's competence in gastrointestina
l endoscopy has relied on the opinion of supervisors. Recommendations
about the minimum number of procedures required to attain technical co
mpetence has relied on expert opinion. Recently, objective data about
procedural competence have been collected. These data suggest that the
mean number of procecures required to approach technical competence i
s higher than that recommended by experts. The data can be used to giv
e a more accurate and objective evaluation of each trainee, as well as
to develop objective guidelines about the minimum number of procedure
s to be accomplished during training. In addition, objective grading s
ystems can be applied to other surgical and nonsurgical procedures.