PROGRESS TOWARDS A GENERALIZED SOLVENT POLARITY SCALE - THE SOLVATOCHROMISM OF 2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-7-NITROFLUORENE AND ITS HOMOMORPH 2-FLUORO-7-NITROFLUORENE
J. Catalan et al., PROGRESS TOWARDS A GENERALIZED SOLVENT POLARITY SCALE - THE SOLVATOCHROMISM OF 2-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-7-NITROFLUORENE AND ITS HOMOMORPH 2-FLUORO-7-NITROFLUORENE, Liebigs Annalen, (2), 1995, pp. 241-252
More than 100 solvents and the gas phase were used to develop a solven
t dipolarity-polarizability scale that combines the medium dipolarity
and polarizability into a single parameter (SPP) calculated from the U
V-visible spectra of 2-(dimethylamino)-7-nitrofluorene (DMANF) and its
homomorph 2-fluoro-7-nitrofuorene (FNF). The proposed scale compares
favourably for nonprotic solvents with existing solvent polarity scale
s including Kosower's Z, Dimroth and Reichardt's E(T)(30), Brooker's c
hi(R), Dong and Winnick's Py; Kamlet, Abboud, and Taft's pi(), and Dr
ago's S' scale. When data are derived from electronic transitions, the
y provide an accurate description for the solvent effect in W-Vis, IR,
NMR, and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as in other chemical areas
including thermodynamics and kinetics.