Xr. Xia et al., DEACTIVATION OF NACL B2O3/FE2O3 CATALYSTS AND THEIR IMPROVEMENT FOR THE OXIDATIVE COUPLING OF METHANE/, Catalysis letters, 31(2-3), 1995, pp. 183-195
In the present work, the deactivation of the NaCl/B2O3/Fe2O3 catalysts
was studied for the oxidative coupling of methane. Several techniques
, such as XPS, XRD, SEM, H-2-TPR, and flow-reaction, were employed to
examine the function of each catalyst component, and its change during
the catalytic reaction. NaCl and B2O3 show a synergistic effect on th
e Fe2O3 surface. B2O3 modifies the oxidative activity of Fe2O3 and mak
es the first reduction peak of Fe2O3 shift from 490 to 750 degrees C.
The NaCl modified B2O3/Fe2O3 catalyst has high reduction rate, high ac
tivity and selectivity at about 750 degrees C. It is demonstrated that
the deactivation of the NaCl/B2O3/Fe2O3 catalysts is a complicated pr
ocess, consisting of chloride loss, sodium change, B2O3 loss, silica d
eposition and catalyst sintering. The chloride loss enhances the surfa
ce basicity, which causes the silica deposition and sodium change, and
aggravates the catalyst sintering. The silica deposition and catalyst
sintering cause permanent deactivation. The B2O3 loss is not a direct
reason for catalyst deactivation. NaCl crystal diluted NaCl/B2O3/Fe2O
3 catalysts have a better stability. The deactivated catalyst has a mo
re stable structure. When it is regenerated by impregnating with NaCl
again, a more stable catalyst can be obtained.