In the past different terms have been used to define the vascular malf
ormations of Dieulafoy's disease-for example, calibre persistent arter
y of the stomach, cirsoid aneurysm and gastric atherosclerosis. A case
of Dieulafoy's disease is described in a 41 year old man, who present
ed with symptoms of anaemia and melaena, with particular attention pai
d to the morphological characterisation of the vascular histological l
esions. Intimal hyperplasia with a non-concentric proliferation of myo
intimal cells, areas of muscular degeneration, aspects of vascular neo
formation of the arterial wall, and other findings are reported. An as
sociation between an early diffuse adenocarcinoma and parietal anomali
es of Dieulafoy's disease is illustrated.