Jl. Moyer et al., RESPONSE OF TALL FESCUE TO FERTILIZER PLACEMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM, AND SOIL-PH, Journal of plant nutrition, 18(4), 1995, pp. 729-746
Fertilizer application, particularly nitrogen (N), is important in coo
l-season grass forage production. Subsurface (knife) placement of N of
ten has resulted in higher forage yield and N uptake of tall fescue (F
estuca arundinacea Schreb.) compared to surface-broadcast fertilizatio
n, but further studies were needed to indicate whether soil pH, phosph
orus (P), or potassium (K) modifies the response. Experiment I tested
responses of forage yield and N and P concentration to N, P, and K amo
unt and placement. Two types of fertilizer placement - broadcast and k
nife - were used with 13, 112, or 168 kg N; 0 or 19 kg P; and 0 or 37
kg K/ha in a factorial arrangement. Yields increased by 53% as N ferti
lization went from 13 to 112 kg/ha and by 69% as N increased from 13 t
o 168 kg N/ha. Forage yield was increased 26% from knife compared to b
roadcast fertilizer placement. P application increased forage producti
on by 13%, but K application had no effect on yield. Forage N concentr
ations increased by 25% as N fertilization went from 13 to 112 kg/ha a
nd by 38% as N increased from 13 to 168 kg N/ha. Effects of added P an
d fertilizer placement on N concentration often resulted in interactio
ns among factors. Forage P generally was increased by added P, with so
me effects of interactions among N rate, P rate, and placement. In Exp
eriment II, fescue responses to N placement were tested where differen
t soil characteristics had been established by previous lime and ferti
lity treatments. Forage yield, N concentration, and N uptake were high
est where 9.36 Mg/ha of lime were applied as compared to the control.
Previous fertility treatments had no significant (P<0.05) effect. When
N was knifed, forage yield was related positively to available soil P
but not to pH or K. Yield and forage N concentration and uptake were
increased by 20, 11, and 33%, respectively, as a result of knife versu
s broadcast N application.