S. Chu et al., RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN UNSTEADY-FLOW, PRESSURE-FLUCTUATIONS, AND NOISE IN A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP .2. EFFECTS OF BLADE-TONGUE INTERACTIONS, Journal of fluids engineering, 117(1), 1995, pp. 30-35
Maps of pressure distributions computed using PDV data, combined with
noise and local pressure measurements, are used for identifying primar
y sources of noise in a centrifugal pump. In the vicinity of the impel
ler pressure minima occur around the blade and near a vortex train gen
erated as a result of non-uniform outflux from the impeller. The press
ure everywhere also varies depending on the orientation of the impelle
r relative to the tongue. Noise peaks are generated when the pressure
difference across the tongue is maximum, probably dire to tongue oscil
lations, and when the, wake impinges on the tip of the tongue.