FREEHAND TECHNIQUE TO HARVEST PARTIAL-THICKNESS SKIN TO REPAIR SUPERFICIAL FACIAL DEFECTS

BACKGROUND. The freehand-scalpel technique to harvest skin for graftin g is a forgotten surgical art. Modem facial surgeons prefer to use loc al skin flaps or Wolfe-type full grafts to repair facial defects. OBJE CTIVE. TO determine the relative merits and cosmetic results of freeha nd skin grafts to cover facial defects following Mohs surgery. METHODS . We used the freehand-scalpel technique to harvest skin from the peri auricular region of the neck and cheek, and other sites. After a local anesthetic is inj Is Injected the number 15 or 10 blade is used to ha rvest skin by sequential tangential incisions. The average dermal thic kness was about 1.0 mm. To improve cosmetic appearance, the overall sh ape and thickness of the graft was contoured during harvesting to fit cosmetic unit or facial line. RESULTS. For more than 5 years we have u sed the freehand technique to repair superficial facial defects of the nose, ear, scalp, temple, forehead, and other nonhead sites. A total of 65 freehand procedures were performed to repair facial defects. The distribution of the anatomic sites and sizes are presented. The size ranged from less than 1 cm to greater than 5 cm in diameter. Three typ ical cases are presented to illustrate the gratifying results that can be obtained with this technique. CONCLUSIONS. In selected sites and p atients, the freehand graft is a rapid and convenient method of harves ting skin. When harvested from the preauricular cheek and subauricular neck, the graft is a good match to cover sun-exposed defects of the n ose and ear. The major advantages of the freehand technique are that: 1) it expands the number of potential donor sites from which to select the most compatible skin to cover facial defects; 2) it allows the su rgeon to efficiently configure the graft to the desired shape and dept h to conform to the cosmetic unit or defect that is being reconstructe d; 3) it does not require a dermatome or other specialized instrument to perform; and 4) it achieves wound repair with good appearance and f unction. The freehand partial-thickness skin graft has become our pref erred method of grafting superficial facial defects.