MOTHER-TO-INFANT TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS-C VIRUS

Anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and HCV-RNA were measured in t he sera of 22 anti-HCV positive, HIV-1 negative mothers and their infa nts. ELISA and RIBA II were used for anti-HCV determination. HCV-RNA w as measured by a nested polymerase chain reaction. HCV-RNA was found i n 12 of 22 mothers. All 22 children were followed for 12 months. All w ere anti-HCV positive by the fourth month; 18 became anti-HCV negative between the 8th and 12th month. HCV-RNA was detected in 5 of 22 infan ts in the fourth month. They remained HCV-RNA positive. All children b orn to HCV-RNA negative mothers were HCV-RNA negative while 5 of 12 ba bies born to HCV-RNA positive mothers were infected. All five infected babies were born to mothers infected through transfusions or drug use . ALT levels in mothers seemed to have no effect on mother-to-infant t ransmission. Hence evidence for perinatal transmission of HCV from HCV -RNA positive mothers was demonstrated in the present study.