P. Smagorinsky, PERSONAL GROWTH IN SOCIAL-CONTEXT - A HIGH-SCHOOL SENIORS SEARCH FOR MEANING IN AND THROUGH WRITING, Written communication, 14(1), 1997, pp. 63-105
The different emphases that theorists and teachers place on the produc
t and process of writing in their accounts of how writers construct me
aning have been influenced by different traditions of Western thought
that have historically been at odds: Whereas the designative tradition
focuses on the ways in which artifacts of speech mediate people's thi
nking, the expressive tradition focuses on the transformation of inner
speech to public speech, thus emphasizing the ways in which the activ
ities of speaking and writing promote changes in consciousness. rn thi
s article, through the analysis of the writing of a high school senior
, it is argued that these two positions are not mutually exclusive, bu
t rather are complementary aspects of a semiotic view on writing The p
rimary data set is a ''situated protocol''-that is, a think-aloud prot
ocol, including both concurrent and retrospective accounts of writing
process, conducted over a 4-month period. Through the protocol analysi
s and analysis of related data, I examine the ways in which this stude
nt's writing experiences reveal the interrelated roles of both designa
tive and expressive functions of writing. The analysis also reveals th
at the writer found the situated protocol itself to be an enduring mea
ns of development and reflect ion and a tool for meditation.