Diffractaic acid and usnic acid were identified as the analgesic and a
ntipyretic components of a lichen, Usnea diffracta. Both compounds sho
wed an analgesic effect by the acetic acid-induced writhing and tail-p
ressure methods in mice. Regarding the effect on normal body temperatu
re and LPS-induced hyperthermia in mice, diffractaic acid showed a sig
nificant effect only on the former and usnic acid only on the latter.