F. Patrone et al., 4-STEP HIGH-DOSE SEQUENTIAL CHEMOTHERAPY WITH DOUBLE HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR-CELL RESCUE FOR METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER, Journal of clinical oncology, 13(4), 1995, pp. 840-846
Purpose: High-dose chemotherapy produces high complete remission (CR)
rates and some survival advantage in patients with metastatic breast c
ancer (BC). A current issue is the possibility that these patients may
have an even better prognosis with multiple high-dose treatments. In
this study, we evaluated the feasibility of a four-step, high-dose seq
uential chemotherapy (HDSC) with double autologous hematopoietic proge
nitor-cell rescue. We also tested the hypothesis that peripheral-blood
progenitor cells (PBPCs) harvested following a single recruitment wit
h cyclophosphamide (CY) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating
factor (GM-CSF) allow the safe administration of the whole HDSC with c
losely timed repeated courses of several non-cross-resistant agents. P
atients and Methods: The treatment plan included CY 7 g/m(2), followed
by GM-CSF 5 to 7 mu g/kg/d administered by continuous intravenous (IV
) infusion on days 2 to 14; PBPCs with or without bone marrow (BM) har
vest; mitoxantrone (NOV) 60, 75, or 90 mg/m(2) plus melpholan (L-PAM)
140 to 180 mg/m(2) with hematopoietic rescue; methotrexate (MTX) 8 g/m
(2) plus vincristine (VCR) 1.4 mg/m(2); and etoposide (VP-16) 1.5 g/m(
2) plus carboplatin (PP) 1.5 g/m(2) with hematopoietic rescue. Results
: All 15 patients enrolled completed the entire treatment and there we
re no toxic deaths. Hematologic reconstitution was good at each step.
The median number of days with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) less
than 100/mu L and platelet count less than 20,000/mu L were 8 and 3,
respectively, after NOV plus L-PAM, and 7 and 4, respectively, after V
P-16 plus PP. The main nonhematologic toxicity was mucositis, while or
gan toxicity was mild and reversible. Conclusion: This regimen is feas
ible, with acceptable toxicity. GM-CSF and PBPCs Rove a pivotal role,
as they hasten hematololic reconstitution, abate toxicity, and allow r
apid recycling. J Clin Oncol 13:840-846. (C) 1995 by American Society
of Clinical Oncology.