We derive a general formula, using Fermi's golden rule, for the multip
honon relaxation rate for a two-level system coupled off-diagonally to
a bath of phonons. Our result is valid for any scalar form of the sys
tem-bath interaction potential. With our result we analyze experimenta
l data involving the energy gap and temperature dependence of electron
ic relaxation rates for rare-earth ions in YA1O(3). (C) 1996 American
Institute of Physics.