Differential diagnosis of uncertain swelling of the neck has a limited
number of possibilities. Thyreoideal processes, lymphatic adenomatosi
s and abscesses are in most of these cases present. However, vascular
diseases should be also considered. It is current practice to perform
a sonography, completed by computertomography for establishing a diagn
osis. If vascular disease is suspected also an angiography is indicate
d. During the diagnostic procedure we discovered a major aneurysm of t
he left external carotid artery. The aneurysm was resected and vascula
r continuity restored by PTFE patchplasty. In case of tumorous process
es of the neck extracranial aneurysms of the carotid artery have to be
included into the differential diagnosis in order to guarantee adequa
te therapy.