SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES BASED ON CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS ANTIGENS IDENTIFY CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES IN SUBJECTS FROM A TRACHOMA-ENDEMIC POPULATION

CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) recognize peptide antigens in the context of class I MHC antigen molecules. To identify peptides capabl e of eliciting anti-Chlamydia trachomatis CTL responses, 13 synthetic peptides conforming to human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B8- or -B35-predi cted binding motifs were synthesized using sequences based on C. trach omatis major outer membrane protein (MOMP) and heat shock protein 60 ( hsp60). Two of 11 HLA-B35-predicted binding peptides were able to stab ilize HLA-B35 in an in vitro binding assay. All peptides were tested i n CTL assays using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from 26 HLA-B8 or -B35 individuals resident in a trachoma-endemic comm unity. Responses to MOMP and hsp60 peptides were identified in a minor ity of both HLA-B8 and -B35 individuals. Two of 12 HLA-B8 subjects res ponded to MOMP and 1/13 to hsp60 peptides. Responses in HLA-B35 subjec ts were similar, 1/13 subjects responding to MOMP and 2/13 to hsp60 pe ptides. CTL responses were observed only in children resolving current infection and in adults without scarring of the conjunctiva. These re sults suggest that anti-chlamydial CTL occur at low levels in peripher al blood, but may be important in the resolution of naturally acquired human ocular chlamydial infection.