Jc. Yao et al., A CONVENIENT SYNTHETIC METHOD FOR PURE OXO(PHTHALOCYANINATO)TITANIUM(IV) AND APPLICATION TO OTHER METAL PHTHALOCYANINES, Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 68(3), 1995, pp. 1001-1005
High-yield synthesis of pure oxo(phthalocyaninato)titanium(IV) was con
veniently achieved by heating a mixture of 1,2-dicyanobenzene, titaniu
m(IV) butoxide, urea, and 1-octanol at 150 degrees C. It is suggested
that a key pathway of the efficient condensation reaction is the compl
ex formation of titanium(IV) butoxide with ammonia generated by the nu
cleophilic attack of 1-octanol to urea. Applicabilities of this method
were investigated for condensation reactions of 1,2-dicyanobenzene wi
th other metal alkoxides.