THE ENDOGENEITY BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND EARNINGS - INTERNATIONAL ANALYSES

This study is concerned with the determinants of dominant language flu ency, its effects on earnings, and its endogeneity with earnings among immigrants. Dominant language fluency is hypothesized to be a functio n of three fundamental variables: exposure to the language, efficiency in second language acquisition, and economic benefits from language f luency. Conceptual variables with empirical counterparts are developed . Earnings are hypothesized to be a function of language skills, among other variables. Ordinary least squares, instrumental variables, and sample selection bias techniques are used to estimate the equations fo r Australia. Comparisons are made with analyses for the United States, Canada, and Israel.