Erectile dysfunction is more common than previously thought in men old
er than 40 years, perhaps because contributing medical risk factors in
crease with age. The medical history is of prime importance in outlini
ng these factors, the most common of which are diabetes, hypertension,
and smoking. Nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity testing with a
portable home monitoring may be helpful in determining whether the cau
se of erectile dysfunction is primarily organic or psychological. Spec
ific therapeutic measures include sex therapy, psychotherapy, treatmen
t for alcohol or tobacco dependency, replacement of offending medicati
ons, improved glycemic control, constriction rings, vascular surgery,
androgen replacement therapy, bromocriptine mesylate (Parlodel), and t
hyroid, adrenal, or pituitary replacement therapy. Nonspecific therapi
es include yohimbine hydrochloride (Yocon), use of vacuum tumescence d
evices, intracorporeal injections, and penile implants.