Streptomycetes produce a large number of extracellular enzymes as part
of their saprophytic mode of life. Their ability to synthesize enzyme
s as products of their primary metabolism could lead to the production
of many proteins of industrial importance. The development of high-yi
elding expression systems for both homologous and heterologous gene pr
oducts is of considerable interest. In this article, we review the cur
rent knowledge on the various factors that affect the production and s
ecretion of proteins by streptomycetes and try to evaluate the suitabi
lity of these bacteria for the large-scale production of proteins of i
ndustrial importance.