Eating is the stage at which food flavour is released, sensed and judg
ed by consumers. The relationships between flavour compounds and senso
ry perception are still not entirely clear. Analysing the total flavou
r composition of a food does not reflect the flavour profile experienc
ed during eating; however, new methods of analysis that model flavour
release in-mouth have been developed. Recently, direct analysis of vol
atiles in the air expired through the nose and mouth has been achieved
during eating, confirming that the volatile profile changes over time
, as had been suspected from results produced by time-intensity sensor
y analysis. Data from these analyses may explain the link between perc
eption and food composition as well as providing a tool for optimizing
the formulation of flavours in low-fat foods.