Sb. Petersen et al., EXTENDED FORMABILITY LIMITS FOR TUBULAR COMPONENTS THROUGH COMBINED INJECTION FORMING UPSETTING - A FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part B, Journal of engineering manufacture, 209(2), 1995, pp. 107-114
In the injection forming/upsetting of tabular parts the ratio between
inner and outer diameters of the tube, the ratio between wall thicknes
s and gap height, together with the design of the die chamber are impo
rtant dimensional parameters that determine the final geometry of a co
mponent. Recent published work in this field opened a breakthrough in
the understanding of the limits for obtaining sound components without
folds. However, some difficulties were still encountered, namely in w
hat concerns avoiding the presence of undesirable models of deformatio
n. The paper presents comprehensive modelling of previous experimental
work in this field, which leads to a re-examination of the process me
chanics. This effort resulted in the development of a combined injecti
on forming/upsetting technique. Numerical simulations performed using
this technique indicate that a large extension of the formability limi
t for tubular components is possible.