DECREASED MORTALITY AMONG CONTEMPLATIVE MONKS IN THE NETHERLANDS

Although it is generally believed that a simple lifestyle may promote health, a recent study among Trappist and Benedictine monks in the Net herlands reported an increase in general morbidity (Am J Epidemiol 199 3;138:569-73). As this increased morbidity might be the consequence of an increased life expectancy, we studied the level of mortality among these contemplative monks. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and d eath rates were calculated from 1,523 monks whose data were abstracted from the monastery rolls of the period 1900-1994. For this period the SMR was 0.88 (95% confidence interval (Cl) 0.81-0.95). A lower SMR wa s present in almost all of the age categories and in all except one of the monasteries, There were two distinct subperiods. In the pre-World War II era, the SMR was 1.25 (95% Cl 1.04-1.49), but it lowered to 0. 76 (95% Cl 0.69-0.85) after World War II, From 1950 on, mortality in t he monasteries remained lower than in the general population, even aft er correction for the generally higher educational level of the monks, The death rates showed a continuing decline from 1900 to 1950. After 1950, the mortality among monks declined further at a time when the se cular trend of decreasing mortality leveled off in the general male po pulation. The higher mortality before World War II was largely unexpla ined, From the 1950s onward, the mortality among monks was lower, pres umably because of the epidemic of lung cancer and cardiovascular disea se in the general population. Taken together, the present and earlier data suggest that, among contemplative monks, a simple lifestyle is as sociated with an extension of life in which they suffer from nonfatal morbidity.