Celiac sprue, or nontropical sprue, is associated with an increased in
cidence of digestive tract malignancy. We report a patient with celiac
sprue who developed two primary adenocarcinomas of the jejunum >2 yea
rs apart, The second cancer was asymptomatic and detected by surveilla
nce computed tomography. Small-bowel cancers are unusual, and frequenc
y of follow-up has not been established, so that it is important to ha
ve a high index of suspicion for these malignancies in celiac patients
with vague gastrointestinal symptoms.