High-dose therapy with hemopoietic stem cell support in multiple myelo
ma (MM) has been used for 10 years. This approach is currently the mos
t promising form of treatment for this disease. We review here its rat
ionale and the results of clinical trials according to the source of h
ematopoietic stem cells [allogeneic or autologous, bone marrow or bloo
d]. Finally, we discuss the ongoing uncertainties regarding the utilit
y of this treatment and the future prospects for high-dose therapy in
MM.