Vn. Kanellopoulos et Jp. Webb, MODELING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD IN LOSSY DIELECTRICS USING FINITE-ELEMENTS AND VECTOR ABSORBING BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS, IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 43(4), 1995, pp. 823-827
A new functional for the finite element method is described for the di
stribution of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in arbitrarily sha
ped, lossy dielectrics in 3D, The method uses a brick-shaped edge elem
ent (covariant-projection element) and a second-order, symmetric, vect
or absorbing boundary condition, Analytic solutions are available for
the case of a plane wave incident on a lossy sphere, and these are use
d to show that the new method is capable of predicting the fields in a
nd around the sphere to an average accuracy of 1-2%, even when the out
er absorbing boundary is no more than a third of a wavelength from the
sphere.