We report an unusual patient with evidence of Borrelia burgdorferi inf
ection who experienced repeated neurologic relapses despite aggressive
antibiotic therapy. Each course of therapy was associated with a Jari
sch-Herxheimer-like reaction. Although the patient never had detectabl
e free antibodies to B. burgdorferi in serum or spinal fluid, the CSF
was positive on multiple occasions for complexed anti-B. burgdorferi a
ntibodies, B. burgdorferi nucleic acids and free antigen.