This article discusses the fundamentals of sexual functioning and desc
ribes the elements of a comprehensive, developmentally relevant sexual
health assessment. Personal barriers that may prevent clinicians from
comfortably addressing sexual issues are discussed, and useful strate
gies for facilitating effective, reciprocal communication during a sex
ual health history are presented. A therapeutic intervention model for
counseling, referral, and sexual health assessment of women in the pr
imary care setting is also included.