TREATMENT OF SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMAS OF THE HAND

We studied the clinical features, radiographic and pathological findin gs, treatment, and results for twenty-three patients who had been mana ged for a soft-tissue sarcoma of the hand between 1982 and 1990. The a ges of the patients ranged from sixteen to seventy-six years (median a ge, thirty-one years). The most common clinical finding was a small, p ainless soft-tissue mass. Twenty of the tumors were high-grade, and ei ghteen were less than five centimeters in diameter. The most common di agnosis was synovial sarcoma, which was identified in eight patients. Leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma d eveloped in three patients each; epithelioid sarcoma, in two patients; and angiosarcoma, liposarcoma, neuroectodermal tumor, acid clear-cell sarcoma, in one patient each. Curative wide excision or amputation wa s attempted in twenty-two patients; the margins were positive for tumo r cells in eight, and local recurrence was seen in nine. Of the twenty -three patients, fourteen had survived, without evidence of disease, a fter a median duration of follow-up of forty-nine months, and nine had died of disease. The median rate of survival did not differ significa ntly on the basis of the size or grade of the tumor or the use of adju vant treatment. However, the rate of survival of the patients who had a soft-tissue sarcoma of the hand that was less than five centimeters in diameter was significantly lower (p = 0.0008) than that of 152 pati ents who had a similar tumor at another site in an extremity. An opera tion with wide margins that spares the function of the hand is the tre atment of choice for patients, who have a soft-tissue sarcoma of the h and. However, if margins that are free of tumor cells cannot be obtain ed with local resection, then amputation should be strongly considered , since radiation therapy does not negate the effect of positive margi ns.