The role played by the neuropeptide somatostatin, also known as somato
tropin release inhibitory factor (SRIF), in human cancer is not well u
nderstood. Recent investigations involving somatostatin receptors in n
ormal and neoplastic human tissues suggest that the action is complex
and involves both direct and indirect mechanisms. In this article, Jea
n-Claude Reubi and Jean Laissue describe the variety of biological mec
hanisms involved in neoplasia that are associated with somatostatin, a
nd illustrate the therapeutic potential and present limitations of som
atostatin analogues.