Rj. Vijayalaxmi,"reiter et al., MELATONIN AND RADIOPROTECTION FROM GENETIC-DAMAGE - IN VIVO IN VITRO STUDIES WITH HUMAN VOLUNTEERS/, Mutation research. Genetic toxicology testing, 371(3-4), 1996, pp. 221-228
Peripheral blood samples were collected from human volunteers at 0 (5-
10 min before), and at 1 and 2 h after a single oral dose of 300 mg of
melatonin. At each time point, (i) the concentration of melatonin in
the serum and in the leukocytes was determined, and (ii) the whole blo
od was exposed in vitro to 150 cGy of Cs-137 gamma radiation, and the
lymphocytes were cultured with mitogenic stimulation to determine the
extent of radiation-induced genetic damage, viz,, chromosome aberratio
ns and micronuclei. For each volunteer, the results showed a significa
nt increase in the concentration of melatonin in the serum and in the
leukocytes at 1 h after the oral dose of melatonin, as compared to the
sample collected at 0 h. The lymphocytes in the blood samples collect
ed at 1 and 2 h after melatonin ingestion and exposed in vitro to 150
cGy gamma radiation exhibited a significant decrease in the incidence
of chromosome aberrations and micronuclei, as compared with similarly
irradiated lymphocytes from the blood sample collected at 0 h; the fre
quencies observed in the cells sampled at 2 h after the ingestion of m
elatonin were consistently lower when compared with those collected at
1 h. The data may have important implications for the protection of h
uman lymphocytes from the genetic damage induced by free radical-produ
cing mutagens and carcinogens.