A 0.9-V,2,5 MHZ CMOS 32-BIT MICROPROCESSOR

A 32-bit RISC microprocessor ''V810'' that has 5-stage pipeline struct ure and a 1 Kbyte, direct-mapped instruction cache realizes 2.5 MHz op eration at 0.9 V with 2.0 mW power consumption. The supply voltage can be reduced to 0.75 V. To overcome narrow noise margin, all the signal s are set to have rail-to-rail swing by pseudo-static circuit techniqu e. The chip is fabricated by a 0.8 mu m double metal-layer CMOS proces s technology to integrate 240,000 transistors on a 7.4 mm x 7.1 mm die .