The importance of donor- and acceptor-like charge transfer processes i
n the luminescence properties of rare earth doped crystalline solids h
ave become increasingly evident in recent years. As an example, we pre
sent optical studies, including photoconductive spectroscopy, of ceriu
m-doped hosts that exhibit drastically different luminescence efficien
cies. The differences are demonstrated to be due to the location of th
e defect electronic levels with respect to the host bands. Small, but
crucial, differences in the relative position of the lowest cerium 5-d
level can result either in complete quenching of the emission or in l
uminescence with quantum efficiencies close to unity.