Autoreactive B- as well as T-lymphocytes are often integral parts of t
he normal immune system and are not per se pathogenic. Also activitati
on of these autoreactive lymphocytes may in many cases occur without e
nsuing pathology. In the current paper is discussed two situations whe
reby unspecific inflammatory stimuli in the form of immunological adju
vants may either by themselves cause arthritis, or may change a non-pa
thogenetic to a destructive and chronic inflammatory disease.