WOMEN IN LOW-INCOME GROUPS SMOKE MORE - CANTERBURY 1976-92

Aim. To examine the relationship between income and levels of smoking in women of child-bearing age. Methods. Census area units within the C hristchurch region were divided into five groups according to average income for each of the census years 1976, 1981 and 1991 respectively. Smoking rates were obtained from census data for 1976 and 1981. For 19 92, data from a questionnaire on smoking during pregnancy and obstetri c records were used. Results. For all years, higher proportions of wom en from low income groups smoked. The overall percentage of female smo kers in Canterbury fell slightly from 31.6% in 1976 to 27.5% in 1981. There were 27.1% of pregnant women smoking in 1992. There were marked changes by economic groups. The percentage of smokers in the highest i ncome group fell from 24.8% in 1976 to 21.0% in 1981: an 18% fall. Smo kers in the lowest income group increased from 36.8% in 1976 to 39.8% in 1981. The same patterns were seen for smoking in pregnancy in the 1 992 data. Conclusion. While the downward trend for smokers in the high income groups is good news, it is of concern that the proportion of s mokers in the lower income groups remains so high. Young women have th e highest rates of smoking, which is of special concern when they beco me pregnant. Smokefree intervention programmes need to be specifically targeted at these groups.