Pulmonary clearance of technetium (Tc-99m)-labeled diethylene triamine
pentaacetate (DTPA), a sensitive test of alveolar epithlelial permeab
ility, was measured twice in 34 healthy subjects, including 10 control
nonsmokers (NS), 10 habitual smokers of marijuana alone (MS) (greater
than or equal to 10 joints/wk), 9 regular smokers of tobacco alone (T
S) (greater than or equal to 15 cigarettes/day) and 4 habitual smokers
of both marijuana and tobacco (MTS). In smokers, the first study was
performed after greater than or equal to 12 hrs of abstinence from smo
king to assess chronic effects of marijuana and/or tobacco smoking on
alveolar permeability; the second study was performed within 15 min of
smoking to assess possible acute effects. TS exhibited abnormally rap
id Tc-99m-DTPA clearance after greater than or equal to 12 hours of ab
stinence, indicating an increase in pulmonary epithelial permeability,
consistent with chronic tobacco-induced lung injury. MS showed a more
modest and less consistent chronic effect than TS on Tc-99m-DTPA clea
rance, suggesting a more variable and smaller degree of marijuana-indu
ced lung injury. No acute effect of tobacco or marijuana smoking on Tc
-99m-DTPA clearance was apparent. Concomitant habitual smoking of mari
juana and tobacco had no additive effect on alveolar permeability.