We analyze the effect of on-site and on-bond electron-phonon (e-ph) co
upling in different classes of quasi one-dimensional (1D) solids in te
rms of a single model. The model was originally developed to account f
or e-ph coupling in charge transfer crystals and to interpret their vi
brational spectra. The same model is extended to conjugated polymers,
showing that important information about the electronic structure can
be obtained through a careful analysis of vibrational data. Evidence o
f e-ph coupling in the spectra of halogen-bridged transition-metal com
plexes is also presented. The unified model thus applies to different
classes of 1D systems and yields transferable e-ph coupling constants.