This paper presents an effective treatment for pure alexia by a type o
f single-case design, which we termed a ''material-control single-case
design'' [Sugishita et al., Neuropsychologia, Vol. 31, 559-569, 1993]
. Two patients with pure alexia were treated using kinesthetic reading
(reading by tracing or copying the outline of each letter with the pa
tient's finger). The results clearly demonstrated that both patients s
ignificantly improved their reading and copying performances. Their re
covery of reading performance arose from improvement in copying. The r
esults of tachistoscopic reading tests suggested that the patient obta
ined the ability to read without kinesthetic movements.