COXSACKIEVIRUSES B1, B3, AND B5 USE DECAY-ACCELERATING FACTOR AS A RECEPTOR FOR CELL ATTACHMENT

Receptor binding and subsequent cell-mediated internalization or disas sembly are the initial steps in virus replication. Cell surface molecu les that participate in this process are the primary determinants of v irus tissue tropism. Monoclonal antibody blockade, immunoprecipitation , and DNA transfection were used to identify decay accelerating factor as a major cell attachment receptor for coxsackieviruses B1, B3, and B5. However, expression of human decay acceleration factor on the surf ace of nonpermissive murine fibroblasts led only to virus attachment w ithout subsequent replication, and it was concluded that an additional cellular cofactor(s) is required to facilitate cell entry and subsequ ent replication.