Ja. Hardy et Ae. Aust, THE EFFECT OF IRON-BINDING ON THE ABILITY OF CROCIDOLITE ASBESTOS TO CATALYZE DNA SINGLE-STRAND BREAKS, Carcinogenesis, 16(2), 1995, pp. 319-325
Crocidolite or crocidolite pretreated with desferrioxamine-B (DF croci
dolite) was exposed to ferrous chloride solutions to determine whether
iron could be bound from solution. Native crocidolite was capable of
binding up to 57 nmol Fe2+/mg fiber in 60 min, while the DF crocidolit
e was capable of binding only 5.5 nmol Fe2+/mg fiber. The rate of iron
binding for the first 5 min of exposure was independent of the concen
tration of iron in the solution, suggesting that there was a group of
rapidly saturable sites, similar to 1.5x10(18) binding sites/m(2) croc
idolite surface, which were responsible for the immediate binding. Thi
s process was followed by a slower binding phase, likely occurring at
other sites. Crocidolite and DF crocidolite, with various amounts of i
ron bound, were assayed for their abilities to catalyze the formation
of DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) in phi X174 RFI DNA. Native crocido
lite with additional iron bound did not significantly change in its ab
ility to cause DNA SSBs in 15 or 30 min incubations, even though more
iron could be mobilized from the iron-treated crocidolite at 4 of 24 h
. DF crocidolite, after the addition of iron, had a significantly incr
eased ability to form DNA SSBs. DF crocidolite with 0, 3.0 or 5.5 nmol
Fe2+/mg catalyzed the formation of DNA SSBs in 21, 42 or 51% of the D
NA respectively in the presence of EDTA and ascorbate. Fibers were als
o incubated in tissue culture medium with or without iron salts. The f
ibers incubated in the iron-containing medium had an increased ability
to form DNA SSBs. These results suggest that fibers such as crocidoli
te may be capable of binding iron from intracellular sources. This add
itional iron may be as reactive as the intrinsic iron and may increase
the reactive lifetime of the fiber.